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Woman with expressive gesture | Ancient Mexico. Pre-Columbian Art Galleries | Museo Amparo, Puebla

Woman with expressive gesture

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Culture Chupícuaro
Region Valley of Acambaro, Guanajuato
Period Late preclassic, late Chupicuaro phase
Year 400-100 B.C.
Technique

Modeled, incised and polychromed clay

Measures 12.8   x 13.8  x 14.4  cm
Location Gallery 3. Bodies, Faces, People
Record number 52 22 MA FA 57PJ 787
Researcher
  • Verónica Hernández Díaz

This small image of a seated woman proves to be very interesting; in the bulky and brilliant red body, the geometric abstract decoration draws one's attention; the staggered “V” is the basic motif, painted in black on cream in varied combinations. The body is semi-spherical, with a flattened base; the small breasts stand out separately, while the legs are short and cone-shaped. Given that the abdominal area appears more pronounced, it probably represents an obesity due to pregnancy. It is also striking that the cheek is being touched with one hand, and the back of the head with the other. The same gesture also appears frequently in female sculptures from the shaft tombs located in the western region of Mesoamerica, whose development was contemporary with the culture of Chupicuaro; for this reason, it is likely that this provides iconographic evidence of their historical links.

In the framework of the art of Chupicuaro, the piece shows its own style of a sculptural production of hollow and polychromed figures, which shares the same decorative methods with some vessels; the type of ceramic is called black polychrome. In the Amparo Museum we can see other sculptures and vessels from this modality, and corroborate the evidence of the forms and the existence of a system of configuration. Human figures are usually modeled standing, and with this one, even though this figure was found in a seated position, we draw attention to the recurrence of the cream colored section on the hips and thighs, the perforation of the navel and the indication of the genitals, in this case with another orifice.

Even when the head is not painted red and does not show a deformed skull, the rest of the traits are typical of this style. Chupicuaro is a village that was located –before it was flooded by the Solis dam in 1949- at the confluence of the Lerma and Tigre Rivers, in the eastern part of the lowlands of Guanajuato. In the past archaeological rescue labors were carried out, which among other aspects, located the temporal period during the centuries prior to the beginning of the era, and with that discarded the erroneous attribution to the Tarasca Culture, still in place in Michoacan towards the end of the ancient period of Mexican history.

 

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