In the territory now occupied by Mexico, one agricultural civilization of the ancient world flourished. In America there were three of them: the Mississippi, the Andes and the Mesoamerican. The three had corn as a main cereal and had also complementary pseudo cereals: sunflower in North America, quinoa in South America and amaranth and huauhzontle in Mexico.
The peoples of Mesoamerica developed a complex hydraulic technology that created agricultural surpluses: irrigated terraces, canals, dams, and chinampas.
The god Tláloc, lord of rain, clouds, and storms, is one of the oldest and most important gods of Mesoamerican peoples: He was awaited for periods of up to six months of severe drought, especially on the plateau.
Due to the productivity achieved in the field, it was possible to sustain densely populated cities, where class differentiation and a significant labor specialization were developed.
